Chapter 1363 Shock therapy! (page 12)
Yang Ming knew that Yang Shuhai had feelings for Yang Jirong and his wife and him.
This feeling is not because of his money and status.
It's about blood ties.
However, Yang Ming's own situation makes it impossible to go back often. Yang Jirong and his wife can still visit their hometown occasionally.
The day after tomorrow is New Year's Eve.
At this time, the Yang family not only sent out invitations.
Linde Chung has already started preparing for this year’s New Year’s Eve feast.
At the mid-level villa in Repulse Bay, Yang Ming had already begun to feel the atmosphere of the Spring Festival.
. . .
1992 2 Month 2 Day.
The twenty-ninth day of the twelfth lunar month.
Li Jun, who was far away in Moscow, the country of goose, came back.
Arriving in Xiangjiang at around ten o'clock that morning, it was Lin Dezhong and his bodyguards who went to pick up Li Jun in person.
Repulse Bay mid-level villa.
Li Jun had already taken off his thick coat. He found that it was much more comfortable in Xiangjiang.The main reason is that the weather in Xiangjiang is much warmer.
It's still freezing and snowing over there in Moscow, but here in Xiangjiang, the temperature has risen to more than 20 degrees Celsius. How can it be uncomfortable?
"What's Moss like now?"
At the end of December, Sulian had been officially disbanded and disappeared, replaced by the new Goose Kingdom.
Of course now it is Ye Liqing who comes to power.
However, it is only more than a month or even less than two months apart from December, but the impact it has brought to the world is indeed very large.
Even now, many people from Goose Country and some people from other countries can’t understand why the good Red Empire disappeared?
Of course, the current CIS is completely different from the previous Goose Country.
"It's still very chaotic. There is a shortage of food, including milk, bread and other foods. At first, Europe and the United States said they would provide it to the Goose Country. However, after the Soviet Union collapsed, Europe and the United States gave up their previous promises."
In fact, this is inevitable.
For Europe and the United States, they just let the goose country take the bait first. Since the goose country has taken the bait, it is naturally impossible to feed the fish bait again.
In addition, the promises that were made well in the past are no longer acknowledged.
Although the current Goose Kingdom has inherited most of the Soviet Union's legacy, it is in a time of internal and external difficulties. In addition, Chechnya and other forces in the Goose Kingdom have also begun to be different.
The most important thing is that there is a big problem in the economy of Goose Country.
In fact, after Gore came to power, the planned economy of the Soviet Union has been thrown into chaos, and private enterprises have not yet developed.
However, Yang Ming thought that the shock therapy that Goose Country quickly implemented was the most terrifying.
At the end of 1991, the Soviet Union disintegrated and Goose became independent, inheriting most of the former Soviet Union's family fortune. The rich inheritance made Ye Liqing happy, but it was difficult for a poor family to survive. A large number of half-dead enterprises, plus 1 trillion rubles of domestic debt and 1200 billion US dollars of foreign debt, also made the new master sleepless and restless.
As an opponent of the former Soviet Union, Ye Liqing believed that the reforms since the 20s were piecemeal and patchy, ruining the future of the Soviet Union in vain.
He decided to learn from the painful experience. Goose Country should avoid repeating the same mistakes and regain its glory as a great country. It can no longer be an old lady with small feet. It should take drastic measures and carry out profound changes.
At this time, Gaidar, who was only 35 years old, fell in love with him and concocted a set of radical economic reform plans under Sachs's guidance. Ye Liqing had a "smart eye" and promoted him to the number two position. In early 1992, A reform modeled on shock therapy was fully rolled out in Goose Country.
The highlight and first step of shock therapy is to liberalize commodity prices.
鹅国政符规定，从1992年1月2日起，放开90%的消费品价格和80%的生产资料价格。
At the same time, restrictions on income growth were lifted, public employee salaries were increased by 90%, retirees' subsidies were increased to 900 rubles per month, and family allowances and unemployment benefits were also increased.
In the first three months of price liberalization, the effects seemed to be immediate and obvious.
The long shopping queues have disappeared, and the shelves are full of products. The people of Goose Country, who are used to waiting in long queues for ticket-based shopping, seem to have seen the benefits brought by the reform.
But not long after, prices skyrocketed like a kite with its string cut off. By April, consumer goods prices were 4 times higher than in December 1991.
Russia originally wanted to use state-owned stores to stabilize prices. Unexpectedly, black market vendors colluded with state-owned store employees to resell the goods and make huge profits. The government's wishful thinking failed, and the market order was thrown into chaos.
Due to the premature liberalization of fuel and raw material prices, corporate production costs increased sharply. By June, the wholesale price of industrial products increased 6 times. Such high prices discouraged buyers. The consumer market continued to be sluggish, and weak demand in turn suppressed supply. Enterprises Production has been reduced one after another, and market supply and demand have entered an endless cycle.
In the second step of shock therapy, fiscal and monetary "tightening" policies and price reforms were introduced almost simultaneously. Fiscal austerity is mainly about increasing revenue and reducing expenditure, increasing revenue and reducing expenditure.
All tax incentives will be cancelled, and all goods will be subject to a 28% value-added tax, and a consumption tax on imported goods will also be imposed.
In conjunction with the revenue-raising measures, the government has cut public investment, military spending and office expenses, incorporated extra-budgetary funds into the federal budget, and restricted local governments from using bank loans to cover deficits.
Tight monetary policy includes raising central bank loan interest rates, establishing a deposit reserve system, and implementing loan limit management to control money flow and curb inflation from the source. However, this time Zheng Fu miscalculated again.
Due to excessive tax burdens, corporate production has further shrunk, and the number of unemployed people has surged. The government has had to increase relief subsidies and direct investment, and the fiscal deficit has risen instead of falling.
The tightening of credit has caused serious shortages of working capital for enterprises, and enterprises have defaulted on each other, causing triangular debt to become increasingly serious.
The government was forced to loosen monetary policy and issue an additional 1992 trillion rubles of currency in 18, which was 1991 times the amount issued in 20.
Amidst the roar of the money printing press, fiscal and monetary tightening policies failed.
The third step in shock therapy is large-scale privatization.
Gaidar believes that the reason why reform is full of dangers and crises is that state-owned enterprises are not market players and the competition mechanism does not work. Price reform is like building a tower in the sand. It will collapse when it encounters any disturbance. In order to speed up the privatization process, Zhengfu initially adopted the method of giving away free of charge.
According to the evaluation of relevant experts, 1/3 of the total state-owned property value of Goose Country is about 1.5 trillion rubles, and the population is exactly 1.5 million. In the past, property belonged to everyone, but now it is distributed to individuals, and everyone must be honest and independent. share.
So every Goose countryman received a 1-ruble privatization security, and could freely purchase shares based on the certificate.
However, by the time privatization was officially launched, it was already October 1992. Times had changed and 10 rubles at this time was only enough to buy a pair of high-end leather shoes.
Therefore, this measure has caused a large number of state-owned enterprises to fall into the hands of the privileged class and the nouveau riche. What they care most about is not the long-term development of the enterprise, but to resell it for profit as soon as possible. The employees neither receive dividends nor have the right to participate in decision-making. At this time, no one was paying attention to production and operation, and corporate efficiency was deteriorating. In December 1992, Gaidar was disbanded.
The failure of shock therapy almost reduced the GDP of Goose Country by half, and its total GDP was only 1/10 of that of Country M.